Casing-perforator.



w No. 7l0,70|. Patented Oct. 7, I902.

P. H. MACK.

CASING PEBFORATOR.

(Application filed July 30, .1901.)

(No Model.)

I/WIIIIIIIIII%%%/// UNrrnn STATES PATENT @FFICE.

PATRICK II. MACK, OF BRADFORD, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO OIL IVELLSUPPLY COMPANY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPO- RATION OFPENNSYLVANIA.

CASlNG-PERFORATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 710,701, d t d O t b 7,1902.

Application filed July 30, 1901.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, PATRICK H. MACK, a citizen of the United States,residing at Bradford, in the county of McKean and State of Pennsylvania,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Casing-Perforators;and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Figure 1 is a View in elevation of a perforatorembodying my invention and a sectional view of a portion of a tube orcasing, showing the relative position of the parts while the tool isbeing lowered in the tube or casing to the point where the perforationsare desired to be made. Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing therelation of the parts when the cutters have been expanded and theperforations have been made, the tool being in position to further outor slot the easing or tube. Fig. 3 is a vertical central section of thatportion of the stock which contains the cutters, &c. Fig. 4 is atransverse section of the stock on the line 4 4, Fig. Fig. 5 is adetached view of a portion of the stock, the cutters shown in dottedlines, one cutter in its lower or withdrawn position and the other inits upper or projected position. Fig. (5 is an enlarged detached View ofthe thrust-rod and its nuts. Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional View of thelower end of the thrust-rod, showing its latch in position. Fig. 8 is atop view of the friction device or spring carried by its thrust-rod.Fig. 9 is a group view showing the sliding cutter-block in elevation andin section and the cutter in side and in end elevation.

Like symbols refer to like parts wherever they occur.

My invention relates to the construction of that class of tools,commonly known as casin g-perforators, which are employed forperforating, cutting, and slotting casing and welltubing generally, suchas is used in oil and other Artesian wells.

In Artesian and oil well drilling and operating it frequently becomesnecessary to perforate, cut, or slot the casing at points at va- SerialNo 70,265. (No model.)

riable distances below the top of the well-as, for instance, oppositethe oil-bearing strata in oil-wells when for any reason it becomesnecessary to case the well at that point, or opposi te the water-beari ng strata or water-veins in Artesian wells, or to permit the escape ofclosely-packed sand and silt which binds the casing where the tubing orcasing is to be withdrawn from the well. For this purpose single-cuttertools have heretofore been devised; but their operation is slow,tedious, and expensive. tages, m ultiple-cutter tools have also beendevised; but, so far as I am aware, the latter tools are more or lesscomplicated, and consequently have not the strength to withstand therough usage and rapid work required of and incident to the service ofsuch a tool.

The object of my present invention, therefore,'is the production of astrong, simple, and efficient multiple-cutter casing-perforator adaptedto withstanding rough usage and capable of rapid work.

To this end the main features of my present invention may be generallystated as follows: Embracing the combination with a cutter-stock ofcutter-blocks disposed symmet rically around the axis of the stock inrecesses having inclined bottoms and actuated by an axially-disposedthrust-rod provided with a friction-grip spring which engages the casingor tubing, all as will be hereinafter more fully set forth andparticularly claimed.

In the drawings, A indicates a section of casing or tubing to beperforated, here shown for the purpose of illustrating the operation ofmy perforator, and B the stock of my device, which stock may be providedabove with the threaded pin 1) for attaching the same to the jars orsuch other mechanism as may be used with the perforator.

The stock B is provided with a plurality of equally disposedlongitudinal recesses 1, (preferably four in number,) which recesseshave inclined bottoms 2, converging from above downward and toward theaxis of the stock and terminating near the bottom of the stock inintersecting through-slots 3 3, which quarter the stock below, saidslots being sub- To overcome such disadvan- I stantially the width ofthe cutter-block to be used, but slightly exceeding said width above, asat 3, to permit the passage of pins or lugs on the cutter-block.

In the parallel walls of the cutter-block recess, equidistant from andparallel with the inclined bottom of the cutter-block recess, aregrooves or pinways 1 for the reception of pins projecting from the sidesof the cutter-block. In the axis of the stock B at its lower end andextending into the slots 3 3 is an opening 4 for the reception andpassage of a thrust-rod 7.

5 indicates a cutter-block, the number of which employed will correspondto the number of recesses therefor in the stock 13. In the presentinstance provision has been made for four. These cutter-blocks may be ofa width corresponding to the width of the recesses 1 in the cutter stockB and are wedge-shaped or inclined upon one face to correspond to theinclined bottoms of the recesses 1 in the cutter-stock and preferablyare of such depth or thickness that their outer surfaces will standfinsh with the periphery of the stock B when raised to their highestposition in the stock. Said cutter-blocks are each provided near theirupper ends with a pin 5 or an equivalent therefor, which projects on'each side of the cutter-block and which enters the pinways 1 in theside walls of the block-recesses 1, and thus confines the cutterblock tothe stock, though permitting it to slide freely up and down therein, andeach of said blocks is also provided with a cutter or bit slot 5", whichextends through the block and is countersunk on the inclined or innerface of the cutter-block (or that face which is next the inclined bottom2 of the recess 1) for the reception of a detachable cutter or bit 6,having a head 6, which bears directly on the inclined bottom 2 of therecess 1 of stock B when the cutterblock 5 is in place. Said head 6 ofthe cutter or bit 6 also prevents the accidental displacement or loss ofthe cutter while in use.

7 indicates a thrust-rod which is carried loosely in the axial opening 4at the bottom of stock B, its head or the nut 7, constituting the same,being within the slots 8 3 at their intersection and below thecutter-blocks 5,

(when the same are in position in the stock,) so that said cutter-blockswill be forced simultaneously and equally upward when the thrust-rod isforced into the stock B.

The lower end of the thrust-rod '7 is provided with a slot, in which ispivoted a springlatch 7". Threaded loosely on the thrust-rod is afriction or grip spring 8, one end of which is free and provided with anopen slot 8 to permit the desired compression of the spring when thetool is to be raised or lowered in the tube-casing. v

The several elements of the perforator being of the general characterhereinbefore pointed out, the same are assembled by first inserting thecutters or bits 6 in the cutter blocks, then passing the cutter-blocks 5into the recesses 1 of the stocks B from below through thequartering-slots 3 3, the wide portion thereof, 3, permitting thepassage of the pins 5 into the pinways 1, next inserting the thrust-rod7 and its spring-latch in the axial opening aim the bottom of stock Band securing the same by the head or nut 7, which is introduced throughthe slot 3, and finally slipping the friction-spring 8 on the thrustrod7 below the stock and securing it there by means of the bottom nut 7 onthe thrustrod. Both the top nut 7 and bottom nut 7 of the thrust-rod maybe locked by pins or rivets, as indicated on the drawings.

The parts constituting the perforator having been assembled asspecified, the frictionspring Sis raised above the latch 7 in the lowerend of the thrust-rod 7, and the tool is ready to be lowered to thedesired point in the casing or tubing in the usual manner and by theusual means.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings the relative position of the parts is shownwhen the tool has been lowered to the desired point in the casing ortubing. In order to project the cutters, the stock B, Fig. 1, is drawnup, carrying with it the thrust-rod 7 which rises through thefriction-spring 8 until the latch 7 of the thrust-rod passes the lowerloop of the friction-spring, (see Fig. 2,) at which time the lower endof the stock B will be some distance above the upper loop of thefriction-spring 8. The stockB is now forced down again to contact withthe friction-spring 8, (which friction-spring 8 has by its grip on theinner walls of the tube A retained its original position therein,) andas the thrust-rod 7 is held up by its latch 7 which rests above thelower loop of the friction-spring 8, the upper end of said thrust-rod 7is forced axially up into the stock B, carrying with it thecutter-blocks 5 5, which, moving on the inclined bottoms 2 of recesses 1of the stock, are forced out laterally (or the cutters expanded) untilthe easing or tubing is perforated at the desired point, after which thetool may be forced farther down if it is desired to slot the pipelongitudinally.

In order to raise or withdraw the tool, all that is necessary is toapply the properforce to overcome the grip of the friction-spring 8 onthe walls ofthe casing, as the upward movement of the stock B permitsthe thrustrod to sink in the stock and the cutter-blocks to recede totheir lowest or Withdrawn position, as indicated in Fig. 1 and left-handdotted lines, Fig. 5.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. In a casing-perforator, the combination with a stock having alongitudinal cutterblock recess provided with an inclined bottom andpinways in its walls parallel with said bottom, said cutter-block recessbeing said cutter-block recesses, and an-aXially-disintersected by aradially-disposed slot of posed thrust-rod opening, of an equalnumslightly-greater width at a given point, of a ber of cutter-blocks,and a thrust-rod com- 15 cutter-block provided with laterally-projectmonto all of said cutter-blocks, substantially 5 ing pins, substantially asand for the puras and for the purposes specified.

poses specified. In testimony whereof I affix my signature, 2. In acasing-cutter, the combination with in presence of two witnesses, this25th day of a cutter-stock, having four symmetrically-ar- July, 1901.ranged cutter-block recesses disposed around 10 its axis, said recesseshaving inclined bottoms l Vitnesses:

which converge from above downward, and WVALTER R. SHAW, provided with aquartering-slot intersecting R. GO'E.

PATRICK H. MACK.

